Compressor and motor-starter



M C WHITE COMPRESSOR AND MOTOR STARTER. v APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23,1916. 1,851,269. PatentedAllg- 31,1920.

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[22 U672 (f0); 34079219 M6 at? M. C. WHITE.

COMPRESSOR AND MOTOR STARTER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE23, I916.

1 3 5 1 269 v Patented Aug. 31, 1920.

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fi/m w W N W By M. C. WHITE.

COMPRESSOR AND MOTOR STARTER. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23,1916. 1 ,35 1,269, Patented Aug- 31,192

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M. C. WHITE. COMPRESSOR AND MOTOR STARTER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23,1916- I 1,351,269, I Patented Aug. 31, 1920;

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Wain 6558.5.

M. 0. WHITE. COMPRESSOR AND MOTOR STARTER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, I9I6. 1,351,269. Patented Au 31,1920,

6 SHEETS SHEEI 5.

12177622 60 2: 170772;? CT Wills.

M. 0. WHITE. COMPRESSOR AND MOTOR STARTER.

APPLICATION FILED man. 1916. 1,351,269. Patented Aug. 31,1920.

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Wa QM MORRIS c. wnlrrror Los ANGELES, oALrronNri i, AssIeii cn "Ton;oLwn'rrE coiviraivY,

or LosnivqEnEs, CALIFORNIA, a ocnronnrroiv or CALIFORNIA} COMPRESSGR ANDMOTOR-STARTER.

Original application filed lt'ovemhei' 28, 1914, Serial No. 874,384Divided and this application filed 'June I Specification of LettersPatent;

Patented An 31,1920.

2a, 1916. Serial No. 105,418.

To all 2 0110222 it may concern:

Be itknown that I, Mourns C."VHITE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Los Angeles, in the county or Los Angeles and State ofCalifornia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Compressors andMotor-Starters, of which the following a specification.

This invention relates to pneumatic pumps and engine starters. Inaccordance with the invention a portion ofthe energy of the en ine maybe utilized to operate the mm to compress air or other fluid; and aportion of such compressedfiuid may be run through the pump in itsreverse opera.

tion to start the engine. Thus the pump under the energy of fluidcompressed by it may be utilized as afmo'tor or engine for thepurpose ofstarting the prime mover by which the pump 1s operated for thecompression of such fluid. The invention pro-- vides therefore mechanismwhichv is particularly adapted for use COIlJOll'llllY with internalcombust1on' motors such as used in automobile practice, although notlimitedthe like, Manykindsfof starting inecha nisms have been devsedffor initiatmg move-y ment in prime movers,..ut1liz 1ng(electricalenergy or the energy or spring drums, .or operated by foot or by hand.Compressed air has l lrew se been used for such starters.

The present invention, however is .to be distinguished radically fromany, suchsimllar starters, in that by the aid of the prime mover itproduces its own operating energy, which may likewise be used for otheror I I .Iurther purposes than the operatlon or such starter.

be utilized for divers other- In carrying the invention into reflect, Iprovide in combination with the starting mechamsm means whereby itmay bethrown into operative connection with the motor or;

prime mover for operationas a pump to produce and 'store uptransformedenergy for its own operation, means. for disconnecting suchoperative connections whereby the;

pump maybe thrown out ofservice, such means comprising features subjectto voluntary control and features automatically controlled, and furthermeans whereby :the

same mechanism may be operatively coni v nected Wltll the prime mover ormotor so that upon the reversal of operation of such mechanism the primemover or motor may be started under the application to such mechanism.of the, energy produced and stored by it when operating as a pump.

In automobile practice the combined pumping and starting mechanism isconveniently mounted in juxtaposition to the motor, and the voluntaryvcontrol'for throwmg the mechanlsm 1nto andout of pumping operation andthe means for reversingthe mechanism to cause it tooperate as a starter,

are all conveniently arranged or. mountedat or near the steering, columnwhereby the operator may establish such working conditions as he desiresforeither pumping'purposes .or starting:purposes. v The motor vehiclewill'of coursecarry a; container for the fluid compressed by themechanism when operatlng as a; pump. The. means for causing automaticcessation of the pumping operation will be directly with such mechanism,of such mechanism as a unit.

I provide i: practice apparatusioi combined purposes of pumping andstarting combined andbea part which'operatc-s preferably upon the rotary'prin'ci}ile, thus eliminating all reciproca ing p ston parts, valvesfor theqsarne, and the paclrings and other adjuncts which areasscciated.with such types-of pumps and vhich cause frequent repair,adjustmentand,

repdacementn .I thus obtain positive oper-v ation and long life-of theapparatus'and its parts, which is of ,higaiinporta'ncein apparatus ofthis character m d partirularly sov when to be applied in service inwhich com- 1 paratively' unskilled operators. and drivers have to dealwith such apparatus in the main. Theinvention in these respects provldesan apparatus for the purposes stated which requires practically noattention and gives little or no trouble, thus filling a long generalnature stated which will be superior" in'point of relative simplicityand inexpensiveness of construction or organization considered inconnection with positiveness of operation, durability, facility incontrol, and compactness in form and ready attachability anddetachability or installation, and which will be generally superior'inefficiency and service-ability. V

The invention consists in the novel and useful provision, formation,combination, inter-relation and association of parts, members andfeatures, all as hereinafter described, shown in the drawings andfinally pointed out in claims.

This invention has features in common with that disclosed in LettersPatent No. 1,148,809, issued to me August 3, 1915, and pertainingparticularly to the inter-relation of the rotors of thefluid-compression means together with the means for compressing fluid inthe interspaces between the teeth of such rotors.

- This application is divisional of an application for patent filed byme November 28, 19142, Serial No. 87%,88et, for compressors and motorstarters;

In the drawing:

Figure '1 is a View partially diagrammatic and partially. in elevationof a motor vehicle to which is applied pumping and starting mechanismembodying the invention, together with the several features of control,compressed fluid storage, and the like, which enter into the generalsystem of pumping and motor starting contemplated by the invention;

Fig. 2 is a central vertical sectional view parts being in elevation, ofmotor starting and pumping mechanism constructed and organized to embodythe invention, the same being shown in detached position;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation and partlybroken away for clearness of illustration, taken upon the line of theappended arrows;

Fig. 4. is a vertical fragmentary sectional View, partly in elevationand partly broken away for fullness of illustration, taken upon 7 arrowsr0 2, and looking in the direction the line a3 aa"", Fig. 2, and lookingin the direction of the appended arrows;

Fig. 5 is a rear face view of the rear motor casing head in detachedposition; I

Fig 6 is an edge view of thesame looking in the direction of the arrow,adjacent to Fi 5 Fig. is a vertical detail sectional View, taken upontheline 00 w Fig. 5, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows;

Fig. 8 is an outer, partl ybroken away, View ofthe front rotor caseplate or head in detached position; 7

Fig. 9 is an edge view of the same;

Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional View of the same taken upon the line sa-a Fig. 8, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows; V g

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectionalview taken upon the line m -m, Fig. 12',and looking in the direction of the appended arrows;

Fig. 12 is'a side elevation of the rotor casing in detached position,including the features shown in Fig. 11, and looking in the direction ofthe appended arrows in Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a transverse sectional view taken upon the line 50 00 Fig.11, and

looking in the direction of the appended arrows, parts being omitted forclearness of illustration;

Fig. la is a. detail transverse secti'onal view taken upon the linew aeF ig; 3, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows; and

Fig. 15 is a detail transverse sectional view taken upon the line 00 wFig. l and looking in the direction of the appended Corresponding partsin all the figures are designated by the same reference characters.

Referring with particularity to the drawings, and for the moment moreparticularly to'Fig. 1 thereof, A designates generally pumping andmotor-starting mechanism embodying the invention, the same being shownin said Fig. '1 as applied to a motor vehicle B having the usualsteering column b,-said mechanism being combined with the internalcombustion motor C within the hood or housing. A compressed fluid orcontainer D is carried by the motor vehicle and communicates with themechanism A by a pipe or, conduit E. F designates means for controllingthe mechanism A whereby its operation as a pump may be voluntarilyinitiated or terminated and whereby compressed fluid stored within thecontainer D. may be admitted to the apparatus A to cause it to operateas a starter for the motor C. The location of the mechanism A which isassembled in a compact unit, with respect to the motor C, is notessential, and various arrangements in assemblage and installations maybe had all with respect'to choice nates means whereby the power shaft ordrive shaftG is operatively connected with theremaining elements of themechanism A for actuation of suchelements by the motor as a pump. Ldesignates means whereby the other elements orlworking elements of themechanism A are automatically mnshaft H and. start the motor.

nected with the power shaft G to cause such mechanism to rotate thecrank is designates means included within the means K whereby the powershaft G is automatically disconnected from the other work ing elementsof the mechanism A, to termi-'.

nate pumping action thereof, after a pre-v determined number ofrevolutions of the' power shaft G has been executed. M designatesgenerally 'meansfor compressing fluid to be stored in the container D. 1Such.

means are mounted within a housing N provided with a front head or plate15 and a rear head or p late 16,' such means H including preferably twomembers or elements on which are jointly rotated within such housing Nto either compress the fluid to be stored, or responsive to the pressureof such compressed fluid, in the first instance forpumping, and, in thesecond instance for motor starting. Thefeatures or elements K and L areaccommodated within a second housing 0 which is disposed rearwardly ofthe housing N, and is provided with a back plate 17, such housing 0 andback 7 plate thereof being attached to the rear head 16 of the housing Nby tie-bolts or the like 18.

The elements m of the fluid compression means M preferably comprise eacha cylindrical rotor provided with herringbone teeth 19 separated bycomplementary interj spaces 20, such rotors being matched to intermeshand each being provided with a shaft 21 which shafts are mounted inbearings 22 upon the front head 15 and 23upon the rear head 16 of thehousing N, being provided with suitable anti-friction devices'or ballbearings 24 or the like; The

power shaft G ranges through both hous ings 1* and O and is mountedrotativelyinl a bearing 25 upon the front housing head 15, and in ajournal 26 upon the rear plate 17 of the housing 0, being likewiseprovid'ed with an auxiliary bearing 27 formed in a bottom extension 28of the housing N, v

which has other features to be hereinafter The tie-bolts 18 serve toalso hold the rear head 16 to its housing, and short bolts 29 detachablysecure the front head 15 .toits housing; T he rotors m thus 'abut attheir plane ends against the heads 15 and '16, and

said rotors are confined intheir zones of rotation bya double cylinderor casing 30 cast within the housing N. This casing 30 is so formedthatthe teeth of the rotors sweep the inner. surface of the samethroughout a major portion thereof, there being a flattened part 31 ofsuch surface opposed to orcutting the plane of intermeshing'of therotors at one side or the same, and a mutilated nose 32 in directopposition tosuch I. flattened portion 31'. continuousch'amber isprovided between the casingBO' and the housing N,'which traversed bythe: fluid compressed in the pumping operation,

or by the compressed fluid supplied to the rotors in the motor startingoperation, such chamber,.33,including a loop 33 which dips beneath thepower shaft Gin the housing extension 28. A transverse wall 3 1. springsfrom-the upper portion of the mutilated nose. 32, andv extendsdownwardly spaced 7 I fromrtlie lower lobe of the casing 30,pro 'vidinga passage 35fcommunicating at its lower end with the chamber 33.Thisnose 32" is in its mutilated formation cut awayso as to produceangular transverse wialls 32, shown in full lines in Fig. 13' and :in

dotted lines in Fig. 12, the angularity of each of which corresponds tothe angularity of the teeth 19 oftheherringbonetoothed rotors m,producingan orifice .32 which in plan is that of an elongated diamond.This orifice constitutes the discharge orifice for the fluid compressedby the rotorsm and introduced into the final compression chamber- 33, inpumping, and'yconstitutesthe feed port to the rotors whereby compressedfluid drawn from the container D is supplied through the chamber 33 tothe-rotors for op erating the same. The air or other fluid to besupplied to the rotors m for pumping is inducted through a :feed conduit36 cast into i I the housing N and the casing 30 within the same, thesameopening at 37 in an orifice which is produced through the flattenedpor tion 31 of the casing 30. This conduit 36 leads downwardly to a port38 in the rear housing head 16, which communicates with theinterior ofthe housing 0., from which fluid to be compressed is drawn into'the cas-1 5 ing 30 of the rotors. As will hereinafter, be V pointedout,ja fluidinaddition'to that tobe compressed is likewise inducted at this point,being a lubricant which' in addition to the functionoflubricating theworking parts of the mechanism- A performs; the function of lubricatingthe rotors; m and sealing the same to; prevent dissipation of theifluidto be compressed around the rotors and likewise serves to produce aninitial compression of the fluid to be compressed in theinterspacesbetween the rotorteeth .19; The fluid to be compressed-isdrawn into the hous ing 0 through .a pipe or tube 39 provided withinsuch housing 0, being extended from the lower portion of the same whereit is provided with an exterior connection nipple 40, to the upperportion of such housing, above the lubricant content thereof.

The liquid lubricant seal, preferably conto produce evenflow. The fluidcompressed by the rotors and introduced within the chamber33 finds itsway eventually to the upper end of a dischargepipe4l mounted within thehousing N, at one side of the casing 30, and; having its upper end 42slightly spaced away from an enlargement 43- uponthe housing,'and itslowerend projected through the lower portion of such housing at oneside, and provided with a connection nipple 44 for'the pipe E whichextends to the compressed fluid container D.

l Vithin the. chamber 33, at the same side as the discharge orifice 32and slightly above the same, are a. plurality of downwardly rangingbaffles 45, springing from the walls of:the housing N and the casing 30,upwardly toward which the compressed fluid is discharged: through a port46 in the shell or wall 34. Lubricant discharged through the orifice 32in the main finds its way downwardly through the passage 35 into thelower portionof the chamber 33. Such portions of the same as pass theport 46- will be in the main retained by the baffles 45 and. downwardlydirected into the well which comprises the lower portion of the chamber33. The compressed fluid will there fore take the general tortuouscourse designated by the arrows in Fig. 11, passing a final baffle 47 atone side of the discharge tube 41-, and thence rising to the upper endof such discharge tube and issuing through V lubricant passing into thelatter to the container D through the pipe E. WVithin this pipe E thecheck valve e is provided, adjacent to the connection nipple 44,preventing return flow to the fchamber '33, excepting when the means F-are brought into use for positively unseating such check valve so as topermit compressed'fluid stored in the container D to' beutilized inreversing the mechanism A as a motor starter. When this takes place, thecompressed-Q air or other fluid is fed to the chamber 33 through thedischarge tube 41, past the baffles 45 and 47 through the port46,.through the orifice-.32 into the rotors in the casing 30 'to'reversely operate the same and-cause the power shaft G to' forwardlyrotate the crank shaft of the motor, through the agency of the means Lfor operatively connecting the other mechanism features with suchdriveshaft G, such means been already established, namely suchdisconnection of the drive shaft G. from the remaining features of themechanism A, by the means for automatically producing this result. r r rIt. will be understood from the foregoing remarks with respect to theinitial inducpumping action, unless such relation has tion' of lubricantfluid within the housing 7 0 through the pipe 39, that a considerablequantity of such fluid will be confined within such housing tolubricatet-he features therein contained, and a considerable quantitywill likewise be drawn over into the housing N. This is utilized onthegeneral principle disclosed in my other application for patent initiallyherein referred to, for the purpose mentioned of sealing and lubricatingthe rotors m,- and of initially compressing within the-interspacesbetween the teeth thereof the air or other fluid to be compressed by therotors and within the chamber 33. In order to obtain this result, thefront and rear heads15 and 16 of the housing N are provided withsuitable passages or channels or ducts for conveying 30, the formerpreferably being smaller than the latter,'so that the greater quantity,of such duct will come from the side of the chamber 33 to whichdischarge is immediately made through dis- 7 charge orifice 32".

v Drawing from both sides ofthis chamber produces a more comcontent inmotion. A duct 51 leads from the end of the duct 48 adjacent to the port49 around the lower bearing 22 to a point between such bearings 22where. it isisubdivided to produce branch ducts 51 and 51 whichrespectively skirt the conflnesof the bearings 22, and are provided attheir junction with a port 51 passing through the head 15 into the rearside thereof, where said ducts throughout their extent traverse theinner surfaceof such head. The ducts 48 and 51 thus traverse the outersurface of the head 15 and the branch ducts 51 and 51" traverse theinner surface of such head,

115 plete' circulation and keeps the entire fluid the latter branchducts being in the form of arcs which coincide with arcs ofthe paths ofrotation of the rotors m and of the teeth thereof, so that said ductbranches fore such interspaces have come into communication with thedischarge orifice 32". Similarly, upon the outer or rear face of therear head 16 of the housing 'N, I provide a duct 52 ranging from theleft side of such plate about midway of its ends transversely thereofbetween the bearings 23, where it branches to produce branch ducts 52and 52, which skirt the sides of the bearings 23. At the point ofjunction of the duct 52 and the branch duct 52 and 52 a port 52 isproduced through the plate 16 communicating with the branch ducts whichopen through the inner face of the plate 16, such port 52 being. coveredby a shield 52, so that the branch ducts, arcuate in form, only openover those portions of the paths of rotation of the teeth of the rotorswherein the interspaces between the teeth may communicate with suchbranch ducts prior to coming into communication with the dischargeorifice 32 The outer extremityof the duct 52 communicates with theinterior of the chamber 33 by means of a relatively small port 53; andan extension of the branch duct 52 communicates with a relatively largerport 54 through the head 16, such ports 53 and 54: communicating withthe same sides of the chamber 33 with which the respective ports 49 and50 in the- The lubricant fluid 1 head communicate. within the chamber 33beingunder the pressure, of the compressed fluid traversing suchchamber, such lubricant fluid passes from the chamber 33 through theports 49 and and 53 and 54, into the two systems of ducts 51, et cetera,and 52, et cetera, and is forced into the interspaces, and at both endsthereof, of the rotating rotors, producing an initial compression 111such 1nterspaces of the air inducted thereto through the pipe 36, beingfed to such interspaces after the air has been confined within suchinterspaces by the teeth bounding the same and the inner wall of thetwolobed casing 30. Just before the interspaces come into communicationwith the discharge orifice 32 in the mutilated nose 30, between suchcasing lobes, communication of such interspaces with suchlubricant-supplying ducts that the pressures in such interspaces, towhich such lubricant fluid is subjected, will not counter-balance andthe interspaces be prevented from being lubricant fluid. v

The means K for operatively connecting is interrupted by the shields 51and 52 so properly filled with and disconnecting the drive shaft G withor' from the rotors m comprises a gear 55 mounted upon therearward endof'the'shaft 22 of the lowermost rotor m, said rotors being shown asarranged in a superposed pair, and said shaft 22 extending rear wardlybeyond the bearing 23 as clearly shown in Fig. 2; with which gear 55meshes a pinion 56 upon the power shaft G. Said -means K furtherincludes dogs 57 pivoted to the hub 57 of the pinion 56,- which pinion"and hub are loose'upon the power shaft G," said hub extending forwardlyfrom the pin,

ion to carry such dogs, and said dogs'being outwardly urged bycompression springs 582 seated in recesses in the hub, said dogs 57being adapted to enter notches 59 formed in the inner surface of a shell60* fast upon the power shaft Gr and surrounding the hub;

57 and spaced therefrom to accommodate such hub and the dogs carriedthereby. The dogs are provided with angular cars 61 projecting beyondthe rearward end of'such' shell 60, and outwardly beyond the periph'-,

. ery thereof, as shown 1n Big. 2, lnto position to be engaged by aninner scalloped surface 62 of a still outer shell'63 surrounding theshell 60 and adapted'to play lengthwise of theipower shaft G so astoforce inwardly the dogs 57 and limit their engagement with the notches59 to free the hub 57 from the 1' shell 60 which is fast upon the powershaft G. The means K and 72 are utilized forthe purpose of shifting theshell'63 lengthwise of the shaft G to permit the rotative coupling ofthe hub 57 with the shell "6O, and

,to terminate such rotative couple. These meansk are organized asfollows: The outer shell 63 is likewise rotatable about the shell 60,and ,is provided with diametrically opposed heads 64which projectthroughcam ,7

slots 65 in a'fiXed' annular housing 66 projecting rearwardly from theback orrear- 'ward head 16 of the housing N, and 'sury rounding theshell 63. These heads when caused to play in the annular inclined camslots-65 rotation of the shell 63, causes such shell 63 to movelongitudinallyof the power 7 shaft G, whereby the fluted innersurface 62thereof may be caused to force the dogs 57 inwardly to free the hub 57from the shell 60 fast to the power shaft G, or to permit a suchinterengagement of the dogs and shell 60 for the purpose of establishingrotative coupling between the hub and such shell fixed to the shaft G,so that such shaft may be rotated by the crank shaft H of the motor k C.The means F for manual control of such last described means, includingthe heads 61ft fixed to the shell 63, include a connecting rod and crank67 or the like for rocking a short shaft 68.journaled at one side wallof the housing which in turn oscillates a fork 69 embracing one of theheads 64, whereby the shell 63 may be rotated and advanced or re tractedto permit the engagement or disengagement of the dogs 57 with the shell60 as above set forth. The means 76 more particularly are for automaticoperation of the shell 63, and of the several features included in themeans K above described. These means include a plunger 70 mounted inguides? 1 mounted upon the bearing 23 and fixed shell 66 respectively.This plunger 70 is squared at its lower end to prevent rotation and isround at its upper portion and at such portion is, surrounded by a coilcompression spring 72 confined by the uppermost portion of the squaredportion and the upper guide 7 1, whereby it is held in en? gagement withthe other head M, by means of forwardly projected finger 70 always incontact with such head. The plunger 70 is held in normal elevatedposition, permitting the rotative couple of the power shaftand'the'pinion 56, by an angular dog 73, which takes under a nose 74: inthe square portion of the plunger, holding such plunger up against thecompression of the spring 7 2. This dog may be released from the plungerto allow the same to be depressed, to rotate the shell 63 to engage thesame with the dogs 57 and permit the uncoupling of the pinion 56 and thepower shaft G, by means of a finger 75 carried by asmaller ratchet 76turnable upon an arbor 77 in bifurcated bracket 78 fixed as at 7 9 tothe head 16, there being a larger ratchet 80 rotatable 'upon the sameshaft or arbor, and having a single notch 81 between two of its teeth,projectin'g inwardly to the same depth as the notches of the smallerratchet 76. With 2 these ratchets cooperates ap'awl 82 which is mountedupon a crank 83 connected with a shaft 84, to which is fixed, a largegear 85 meshing with a small pinion 86 inserted in the rearwardend ofthe shaft22 of the lower rotor 'm. The gear ratios ofthe pinion 86 andgear 85 are such, that upon the completion of a predetermined number ofrotations of the rotors m, the pawl 82 is given an endwise movement tomove the larger ratchet 80 one notch or step and when one completerotation of the larger ratchet has been com pleted so that the pawlcomes into the entween the movements of teeth upon the larged notch 81in such larger ratchet, it is likewise brought-into one of the notchesof the smaller ratchet 76, giving that a one step actuation. A certainratio exists besmaller ratchet 7 6 and of the single enlarged notch 81upon the larger ratchet 80, so that a completerevolution of the smallerratchet 76 takes place on the completion of a predetermined number ofrotations of the larger ratchet 80, resulting in a complete rotation ofthe finger? 5 which once during each rotationjactuates the dog 73towithdraw it from the notch 74 in the plunger 70 and permit the same tofall under compression of the spring 72 torotate and rearwardly move theshell 63 to 'free the dogs 57 from the shell 60and disconnect the pinion56 from the power shaft G. Thus it may be provided that on say onethousand revolutions of the rotors 'm the, shaft G will be automaticallydisconnected from the pinion 56; whereby pumping action will cease, asthe pinion 56 will stand idly upon the power shaft G, and the meshinggear 55 of the lower vrotor shaft 22 will be brought to a stop.

As above stated, this coupling or uncoupling of the power shaft G fromthe pinion 56 for starting or stopping the pumping action may likewisebe voluntarily produced through the means Fand the crank rod and crank67 or the like, to operate the shell act upon the dogs 57 as above setforth, move-- ment of the shell 63 1n a rearward direction disconnectingthe power shaft G from the i )inion 56 and movement of the shell (53 in7 forward direction ,operatively' connectingv the power shaft and thepinion 56. When the shell 63 is by means of the means i? moved forwardlyto establish rota'tive couple of the power shaft and the pinion 56, theplunger 70 is again raised by its head 6- and a leaf spring 87 forcesthe dog 73 bacu into the notch 74 in the plunger, setting the meaus icso that they may again automatically operate to release'the power .shaft(a? from the pinion 56 and stop the pumping v action of the mechanism A1n the ianner 1S previously ter shaft is a hub 88. which is providedwith lateral arms 88 within the' annulus 55, and

disposed in positions to engage with radial arms 88 projecting inwa 'dlyfrom the an I nulus 55 segmental coil springs 88 being stopped each atone end by one of the arms 88 and one of the arms 88", to the end that frotation of the annulus 55 by the pinion 56 will be transmitted to theshaft 22 through a yielding take up, such annulus 55 rotating such shaftthrough the hub 88 8 which is set into motion through the springs 88Thus sharp and abrupt initiation of pumping action is obviated, and therotors at all times are driven subject to the yield the spring cushionprovided by the spring 88; or the springs being compressed to theirlimit an unyielding bridge is interposed between the annulus 55 and thehub 88.

The means L for automatically opera tively coupling the rotors m withthe drive shaft G to turn the motor crank shaft H for the purpose ofstarting the motor, and of course in the same direction in which suchmotor shaft turnswhen the rotors are compressing fluid as a pump,comprises, as about to be described, means-whereby re versed rotation ofthe rotors is converted into rotation of the drive shaft in the onedirection in which it atall times rotates. To this end, I provide uponthe rearward end of the shaft 2250f the lower rotor m, just foward ofthe small pinion 86, a pinion 88 into which the rearward end portion ofthe shaft 22 is formed, which meshes with an idler 89 carried upon astub shaft 90 mounted in the rear plate 17 of the housing,and which inturn meshes with a large gear 91 having as a center the power shaft- G.The pinion 88 ofcourse rotates inone direction during pumping action andin the opposite direction during motor starting action, and the idler 89is introduced within the train of gears of the means L for the purposeof providing rotation of the gear 91 in the same, direction as that inwhich the power shaft (i is always to be rotated. Tl1e gear 91 comprisesa peripherally toothed annulus 91 which directly meshes with the idlerS9, and has a rearward hub '92 rotative upon the power shaft G. Withinsuch annulus 91 is provided a metallic liner 93 slightly dished in form,and into which fits a similarly formed annulus 94: held fric-' tionallytherein by compression springs 95 iouser in cut a .e 1( 1 l l mbers inan annulus 96 m mounted a further annulus 98 having ratchet teeth 99upon its outer periphery, such-annulus being keyed to the power shaft G.

Farther withi nthe annulus 94 are provided a pair of segmental shoes100, embracing the newer shaft 5G frlctionall and held lightly to suchpower shaft by. compression springs lOLsurroundmg pms 102 which areapplied to ears 103 uponsuch segmental The annulus. 94carr1es a pair of7 shoes 100. I diametrically opposed dogs 10+]: each of whicl'i isproi'ided with a rounded outer end a portion 104i seated to rock in asuitable remg a hub 97 whichis rotatable upon the shaft .G. Inward ofthe annulus 9-1 is a sta ting direction, the shaftG is rotated I in itsnormal forward direction, and the motor is turned overand started in theusual manner through the crank shaft H, The annulus 97 is mounted uponthe annulus 91., as by screws or the like 105. 1

Then the rotors m are operated in pumpa ing direction, the idler ofcourse executes rotation in a direction opposite of that indicated bythearrow in Fig. 4E, theannulus 91 and the annulus9t areoperated in adirection the opposite f that indicated by. the arrow in Fig; 4E,- andthefingersl0sl gon' the dogs 104 are'swung by the shoes 100 so? as todrive the dogs outwardly-from en-- gagement withthe ratchet teeth '99.w'lhe shoes 100 travel with the annulus 94,- at suchi time, so that thefingers 104 remain within the recesses 104, ready to actuate the dogsinwardly to r the ratchet teethfor motor' starting action upon reversalofthe rotation. of the rotors m.- Thus, the-meansL just: described onlyoperate when the-rotors are" operating in a motor startingdireetioinandof course at such times ;the means K; for operatively connecting therotors with the power shaft G. for pumpingjaction are thrown outof-operation. 1

The pipe .19 preferably admits theT'compressed fluidto the container D,and with-Q draws the same from such'container, at the bottom thereof, tothe end thatanylubricant which may be carried overinto said, containerwith the compressed fluid willfirst be withdrawn from such containerwhen compressed fluid is taken therefrom. a

I have not describedfin detail the. construction of the checkvalve 6,but the same" may be of any preferred constructionandso mounted as to beunseated by the means, F, when motor starting-is to be performed by'themechanism. The means F further include the link and crank 67 formanually throwing into or out of operation the means K- for driving therotors for pumping purposes. j r

The operation, method of use tages attaching. and pertaining formofconstruction and inter-relation of.

; features disclosed in the drawings and above described will be readilyunderstood from and advanto the im-.' proved mechanism constituting theinvention and as exemplified in the particular the foregoingdescription, ,in which the operation of the several elements and'groupsof elements and features isdetailed, taken together with'the'accompanying drawings and the following-statement When it is desired toinitiate pumping actionthrough the rotors m, to store compressed flu-id,such as air, in the container D, the means F are utilized at thesteering column b, to rock the shell 63, whereby the dogs 57 arereleased force-engagement with a lubricant tank as above described, anda.

lubricant fluid is discharged within the housing '0' over the "ears andother features of the means 1& and L within such housing, providing alubricant bath within such housing to insure free running of the workingparts therein. Likewise, such lubricant fluid andair are drawn from thehousing 0 through the port 39 in the rear head 16 of the housing N intosaid latter housing, both fluids passing through the conduit '36 fromsuch port 38, upward ly'to the port 37 in the casing 30 of the rotors.

Both fluids are passed around the rotors,

and discharged at'the discharge .or ifice 32 into the chamber 35 and thelubricant directed downwardly in such chamber to the lower portion ofthe chamber-'33 within the housing N, where such lubricant tends toprovidea charge of lubricant fluid within the lower portion of suchchamber 33. The air compressed between the rotors, by being subjected topressure of the intermeshing teeth thereof, passes through the shield atthe port 46, traversesthe surfaces of the bafiies 45 and 47, inatortuous course, tending to rid such compressed air of any content oflubricant fluid, and then rises to the upper end of the discharge pipell through which it issues to the connection nipple 44 and is conductedby the pipe E to the container D. After the normal charge of lubricant,which is predetermined, is drawn into the housings N and 0, so thataproper level of the same is established in each housing, and no more ofsuch fluid is passed through the port 38 into the chamber 33, andthelevel of such lubricant fluid in the *chamber 33Vis so low that onlyair passes through the port 38 and iscarried upwardly through the pipe36 to the port 37, air alone will be supplied to the rotors to becarried by the interspaces between the teeth thereof around said rotorsand to the compression zone, where compression and discharge will takeplace through the orifice 32 to continue the supply of lubricant to theIn order rotors during such normal stage of pumping operation, and inorder to enhance the compressing action of said rotors the sev eralducts 52, 52 ,521 and 48, 51 and 51", and their attendant featuresare'provided, serving to draw lubricant from the we'll at the'lowerportion .of the chamber 33, at the front of the rotors by means of thesmaller port 49 and larger port 50,;and at the rear of the rotors bymeans of the smaller port 53 and the larger port 54, respectively, fromthe left and right-hand zones of such chamber 33, so that stagnationofthe lubricant fluid isobviat'ed, and a constant circulation andutilization of the same is assured. These several ducts and branch ductssupply the lubricant to the rotors at the teeth of the same and into theinterspaces between the teeth, during portions ofthe paths of rotationof such rotors just :prior to the stages thereof when the rotor teethcome into mesh, and just prior to the commence-V ment of. communicationof the interspaces with the discharge orifice 32 .as abovedescribed, thecommunication of such ducts with the interspaces during communication ofthe interspaces with the discharges oriflce being prevented by theshields 51 and 52 over the respective ports 51? and 52 The lubricantsosupplied by said ducts effectively seals the rotors to prevent airslippage, and effectively lubricates the workingsurfaces of such rotors,and also being supplied to the interspaces between the teeth and at theends thereof and subsequent to the provision of air charges in suchinterspaces, causes a lubricant piston compression of the air in suchinterspaces prior to the final compression by intermeshing of the teethof the rotors, which results in squeezing out the compressed air fromthe interspaces through the discharge orifice 32",

Ice

followed by an expulsion of such oil pistons which are dischargedthrough the passage 35 and fall into the lubricant well in the isdesired to terminate the operation of the rotors in pumping action, itis only' necessary, to manually operate the means F, rocking the crank67 and again rocking .the shell '63, to rearwardly move it and bring 1its notches 62 over the ears 61 on the dogs 57, retracting: such dogsfrom the recesses 59 in the ratchet annulus 60, whereby the pinion 56 isloosened from the drive shaft G and such drive shaft continues torotate;v Without operation ofthe rotors for pumping action. Or, if it bedesired that a predetermined amount of compressed fluid beintroduced'within the container D, the automatic means is comprisedwithin the means has been set and locked 'by its dog 73 when the pinion56 was rotatively coupled with the drive shaft Gr, being freed from suchlower portion of the chamber 33. WVh en it K may be relied upon, theplunger 70, which 7 to the shaft 84 of such gear 85. When the plunger 70falls,'it again rocks and rearwardly' moves the shell 63, to freeth'epinion 56 from the drive shaft G, by releasing such pinion, throughrelease 'of'the dogs '57,

from, the rotating shell 60. Nhen the means K are throwninto operation,the

plunger 70 is again setand held by itsdog .7 3, for further automatic Jrelease in the manner just described, unless the pumping has previouslybeen terminated manually by the means F. i

' lVhen it is desired to utilize anyof the v claim and desire to securebyLetters Patent;

compressed fluid in the container 'D, for

"instance to'pump tiresor for pneumatic gear shifting or purposes otherthan motor starting, such fluid may of coursebe with drawn through aseparate cock or connection, as 0?, indicated in Fig. 1. When it isdesired to utilize-the compressed fluid in the container D for startingthe motor with which the mechanism A is associated, it is only necessaryto use the means F for unseating the check valve 6, whereupon compressedair is introduced within the chamber 33 in the housing N, through thedischarge pipe 41 which now becomes a feed pipe, and thence to the port46 where such compressed air will pass through the orifice 32 and actupon the rotors to impel the same in the direction the opposite of that1n wh1ch they move in the pumping actlon,

such compressed air filling the interspaces and excluding the lubrlcantseal supplied in the pumping action by the several ducts as and 51 and51 and 52 and 52 and52 This lubricant will however be supplied to V theteeth of the rotors to lubricate the same;

The compressed air so revers'ely operating,

i the outer air or to the tank or the like from which the lubricant isinitially drawn, where screens and baffles may be provided to take outof the discharged air any lubricant content thereof. As soon as suchmotor starting or reverse operation of the rotors commences, the annulus91 of theimeans L is put into operation to turn the toothed annulus 98through the dogs 104 which are tripped by the shoes 100, such annulus 98rotating the power shaft G in the normal forward direction tocorrespondingly rotate the crank shaft H of the motor and,

initiate motor action, in 'the'usual manner.

This motor starting action is terminated by I cutting off the supply ofthe compressed air from the container D through the pipe into themechanism, which is done by again seating the check valve 6 by the meansF. a

'- If it is'desired' to manually start the motor, ori'crank thesame,acrankmaybe apprlied to the forwardend of the power shaft and topins 9 thereupon, whichlfo'rward end is normally covered by detachablescrew cap 9 l It is manifest that many'departures from the disclosuresof the foregoing specification and of the drawings may be made in adapt;

ing'the invention. to varying conditions of use and, servlce,aIlCl1I1"LCCOICl2LI1 C6 with choice-of construction and inter-relationof parts and features,- all without departing from the spirit of theinvention and a fair interpretation thereof, 1

Having thus disclosed my I invention, 1

1. Apparatus of the character disclosed,

' including a vdrive shaft, 'a fluid compressor having'a shaft, primarycoupling" means between the driving". shaft" and-compressor V shaft, aclutch controlling-the said coupling means, a secondary coupling meansconnecting the two shafts and arranged to rotate I them in a reverserelation and maintain the z same direction of rotation of the driveshaft a clutch controlling the said coupling means,

manual-means for operating the clutch, au tomatic'means for operatingthe olutch'after a predetermined actuation of the compressor, asecondary coupling means connecting the shafts and arranged torotatelthem ina reverse relation so as to maintain the same direction ofrotation of the drive shaft when the latter is actuated from the fluidcoinpressor, and an automatic clutch in the secondary coupling meanswhich is construct- '1 ed to become inoperative when the drive shaftagain becomes the source ofpower;

3. Apparatus of the character disclosed, comprising a drive shaft,afluid compressor having a shaft, primary coupling means between thedrive shaft andvcompressor shaft, a clutch controlling the said primarycoupling means, manual means for operating the clutch, spring actuatedmeans for opening the clutch, a cletent normally holding the springactuated means in inoperative posl-k" tion, means for automatlcallyreleas ng the detent' after a predetermined actuationfof the compressor,and secondary coupling means connecting the shafts and arranged torotate the shafts in a reverse relation so as to maintain the samedirection of rotation of the drive shaft when the latter is actuated wclutch in the secondary coupling means constructed to become inoperativewhen the drlve shaft. aga n becomes the source of power.

4L. Apparatus of the character disclosed, comprising a drive shaft, afluid compressor having-a shaft, a primary set of gearing between'thedrive shaft and compressorshaft, a clutch interposed in the gearing,manual means for operating the clutch, a spring actuated plunger foropening the clutch, a detent holding the plunger in inoperativeposition, means for releasing the detent after' a predetermined numberof rotations of the compressor shaft, a secondary set of gearingconnecting the two shafts and arranged to rotate the same in areverserelation so as to maintain the same dlrection of rotation of thedrive shaft when the latter is actuated V WVitnesses:

comprising a drive shaft, a fluid compressor having a shaft, gearlngbetween the two shafts, a clutch interposed in thegear1ng,a

' rotary clutch controlled member, cam means for sliding the clutchcontrol member longitudinally as it is rotated, means actuated by thesliding movement of the clutch control her in either direction, andspring actuated plunger for rotating the clutch control memher to openthe clutch,a det'ent normally. holding the plunger in inoperativeposition,

member to open or close the clutch, manual .means for rotating theclutchcontrol mem and means for automatically releasing the detent after apredetermined operation of the compressor. 7 I

In testimony whereof, I have: signed name to this specification in thetwo subscribing witnesses.

ORRIS o. WHITE.

FRANCIS L. Isonreo, I ALFRED H. DAEHLER.

presence of

